問題描述

在完成我的 C++ 課程后，在我看來，結構/類幾乎完全相同，只有一些細微的差異.

After finishing my C++ class it seemed to me the structs/classes are virtually identical except with a few minor differences.

我以前從未用 C 編程過；但我知道它有結構.在C中是否可以繼承其他結構并設置public/private的修飾符?

I've never programmed in C before; but I do know that it has structs. In C is it possible to inherit other structs and set a modifier of public/private?

如果您可以在常規 C 中執行此操作，為什么我們還需要 C++?什么使類與結構不同?

If you can do this in regular C why in the world do we need C++? What makes classes different from a struct?

推薦答案

在 C++ 中，結構和類幾乎相同；唯一的區別是類中的訪問修飾符(用于成員變量、方法和基類)默認為 private，而結構中的訪問修飾符默認為 public.

In C++, structs and classes are pretty much the same; the only difference is that where access modifiers (for member variables, methods, and base classes) in classes default to private, access modifiers in structs default to public.

然而，在 C 中，結構體只是(公共)數據的聚合集合，沒有其他類似類的特性:沒有方法、沒有構造函數、沒有基類等.雖然C++繼承了關鍵字，擴展了語義.(然而，這就是為什么結構體默認為 public 的原因——像 C 結構體一樣編寫的結構體的行為也很相似.)

However, in C, a struct is just an aggregate collection of (public) data, and has no other class-like features: no methods, no constructor, no base classes, etc. Although C++ inherited the keyword, it extended the semantics. (This, however, is why things default to public in structs—a struct written like a C struct behaves like one.)

雖然可以在 C 中偽造一些 OOP—例如，定義函數，這些函數都將指向結構的指針作為它們的第一個參數，或者偶爾強制結構具有相同的前幾個字段子類/超類"——它總是被附加的，并不是語言的真正組成部分.

While it's possible to fake some OOP in C—for instance, defining functions which all take a pointer to a struct as their first parameter, or occasionally coercing structs with the same first few fields to be "sub/superclasses"—it's always sort of bolted on, and isn't really part of the language.

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