問題描述
我在 Toshiba 筆記本
I have a problem with Intel graphics HD 3000 on Toshiba notebook (OS Win7 x32, lang C++).
經(jīng)典的單上下文 OpenGL 應(yīng)用程序工作正常，但在單個(gè)應(yīng)用程序中的多個(gè) OpenGL 上下文上會(huì)產(chǎn)生奇怪的行為:
Classical single context OpenGL applications work fine but on multiple OpenGL contexts in single App creates weird behavior:
在我的舊版本應(yīng)用中，英特爾驅(qū)動(dòng)程序根本無法創(chuàng)建第二個(gè)渲染上下文.
on older versions of my apps the Intel driver cannot create second rendering context at all.
在我的基于 OpenGL 的軟件架構(gòu)行為發(fā)生重大變化后
after major changes in my OpenGL based software architecture behavior changed
現(xiàn)在我可以創(chuàng)建第二個(gè)渲染上下文，但是在釋放它之后(使用/關(guān)閉窗口后)，驅(qū)動(dòng)程序無法創(chuàng)建任何下一個(gè)渲染上下文.這已經(jīng)在多個(gè)應(yīng)用程序上進(jìn)行了測試，并且一直表現(xiàn)相同.我想通過讓第二個(gè)上下文始終處于活動(dòng)狀態(tài)來解決這個(gè)問題，但它也不起作用(不知何故渲染上下文在英特爾上無效).為清楚起見，第二個(gè) OpenGL 渲染上下文用于打開/保存對話框(預(yù)覽子窗口).
now I am able to create second rendering context but after releasing it (after use / close window) the driver cannot create any next rendering context. This has been tested on more than one app and behaves the same all the time. I wanted to get over this by having the second context at all time active but it does not work too (somehow rendering context is invalidated on Intel). For clarity the second OpenGL rendering context is used for Open/Save dialogs (preview sub-windows).
司機(jī)信息:
Intel(R) HD Graphics 3000
OpenGL ver: 3.1.0 - Build 9.17.10.2932
初始化和退出 OpenGL 代碼(來自我的 OpenGL 引擎):
Init and exit OpenGL code (from my OpenGL engine):
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int OpenGLscreen::init(void *f,int textures)
{
if (_init) exit();
frm=(formtype*)f;
hdc = GetDC(frm->Handle); // get device context
int i;
if (!_used)
{
int i,_pfid=-1,_zbit=0;
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR _pfd;
#define pfd_test i=ChoosePixelFormat(hdc,&pfd); DescribePixelFormat(hdc,i,sizeof(_pfd),&_pfd); if (_zbit<_pfd.cDepthBits) { _zbit=_pfd.cDepthBits; _pfid=i; }
pfd.cColorBits = 32; pfd.cDepthBits = 32; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 24; pfd.cDepthBits = 32; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 16; pfd.cDepthBits = 32; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 32; pfd.cDepthBits = 24; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 24; pfd.cDepthBits = 24; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 16; pfd.cDepthBits = 24; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 32; pfd.cDepthBits = 16; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 24; pfd.cDepthBits = 16; pfd_test;
pfd.cColorBits = 16; pfd.cDepthBits = 16; pfd_test;
#undef pfd_test
pfd.cDepthBits = _zbit; // iba koli warningu
DescribePixelFormat(hdc,_pfid,sizeof(pfd),&pfd);
pfid=ChoosePixelFormat(hdc,&pfd);
SetPixelFormat(hdc,pfid,&pfd);
DescribePixelFormat(hdc,pfid,sizeof(pfd),&pfd);
znum=1<<(pfd.cDepthBits-1);
}
// create current rendering context
hrc = wglCreateContext(hdc);
if(hrc == NULL)
{
ShowMessage("Could not initialize OpenGL Rendering context !!!");
_init=0;
return 0;
}
if(wglMakeCurrent(hdc, hrc) == false)
{
ShowMessage("Could not make current OpenGL Rendering context !!!");
wglDeleteContext(hrc); // destroy rendering context
_init=0;
return 0;
}
if (!_used) glewInit();
_init=1;
_used=1;
resize(0,0,128,128);
// glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);
// glFrontFace(GL_CCW); // predna strana je proti smeru hod. ruciciek
// glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); // vynechavaj odvratene steny
// glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); // pouzivaj textury, farbu pouzivaj z textury
// glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_DECAL);
// glEnable(GL_BLEND); // priehladnost
// glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA,GL_DST_ALPHA);
/*
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
GLdouble MaterialAmbient [] = {0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 1.00};
GLdouble MaterialDiffuse [] = {0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 1.00};
GLdouble MaterialSpecular [] = {0.50, 0.50, 0.50, 1.00};
GLdouble MaterialShininess[] = {15.0}; // 0-ufocused, 128 max focus
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT , MaterialAmbient );
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE , MaterialDiffuse );
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR , MaterialSpecular );
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, MaterialShininess);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
GLdouble LightPosition [] = {0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.0};
GLdouble LightAmbient [] = {0.10, 0.10, 0.10, 1.0};
GLdouble LightDiffuse [] = {0.20, 0.20, 0.20, 1.0};
GLdouble LightSpecular [] = {1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.0};
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_AMBIENT ,LightAmbient );
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE ,LightDiffuse );
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_SPECULAR,LightSpecular);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,LightPosition);
glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, LightAmbient);
*/
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // Zbuf
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); // gourard shading
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // background color
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
const GLubyte *p; char a; // get extensions list
extensions="";
#define ext_add if ((extensions!="")&&(extensions[extensions.Length()]!=' ')) extensions+=' '; for (i=0;;i++) { a=p[i]; if (!a) break; extensions+=a; }
p=glGetString(GL_EXTENSIONS); ext_add;
if (wglGetExtensionsStringARB) p=wglGetExtensionsStringARB(hdc); ext_add;
if (wglGetExtensionsStringEXT) p=wglGetExtensionsStringEXT(); ext_add;
// int hnd=FileCreate("glext.txt"); FileWrite(hnd,scr.extensions.c_str(),scr.extensions.Length()); FileClose(hnd);
OpenGLtexture txr;
txrs.alloc(textures); // allocate textures name space
font_init(txr);
font=txrs.add(txr);
s3dl=txrs.add(txr); txrs.sizes[s3dl]._mode=GL_MODULATE;
s3dr=txrs.add(txr); txrs.sizes[s3dr]._mode=GL_MODULATE;
return 1;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OpenGLscreen::exit()
{
if (!_init) return;
wglMakeCurrent(hdc,hrc); // use this context if multiple OpenGLs are used
txrs.free();
wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL); // release current rendering context
wglDeleteContext(hrc); // destroy rendering context
hrc=NULL;
_init=0;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
現(xiàn)在是問題:
我做錯(cuò)了什么嗎?
引擎功能齊全GL、GLSL、VBO、VAO... 并經(jīng)過多年測試.奇怪的行為僅在 Intel 上出現(xiàn).nVidia 的顯卡可以正常工作，ATI/AMD 幾乎可以正常工作(存在一些問題，但它們是與 ATI 始終相關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤驅(qū)動(dòng)程序，尤其是對于VBO 與索引其他一切正常)
Engine is fully functional GL,GLSL,VBO,VAO,... and tested for years. Weird behavior is present only on Intel. Cards from nVidia works fine and ATI/AMD works almost fine (there are some issues but they are buggy drivers related as always for ATI especially for VBO with indices everything else works fine)
是否有更好的方法來初始化/退出 OpenGL?
如何在不同的渲染上下文之間正確切換?
我現(xiàn)在正在使用 wglMakeCurrent(hdc,hrc)，但可能是我遺漏了什么，或者英特爾有一些解決方法.
I am using wglMakeCurrent(hdc,hrc) for now but may be I am missing something or there is some workaround on Intel for this.
推薦答案
你對 WGL 的使用在我看來是正確的(包括你對 wglMakeCurrent 的使用)，但我有一段時(shí)間沒有使用它，所以我的記憶可能有模糊(回答 Q1 和 Q3).
Your use of WGL looks correct to me (including your use of wglMakeCurrent), but I haven't used it in a while, so my memory might be foggy (to answer Q1 and Q3).
但是，有一種更好的初始化 OpenGL 的方法:使用加載程序庫，詳見此處.正如維基所說，強(qiáng)烈建議使用加載程序庫，而不是嘗試自己做.
However, there is a better way to initialize OpenGL: use a loader library, as detailed here. As the wiki says, it's highly recommended to use a loader library rather than attempting to do it yourself.
我喜歡使用 SFML 來創(chuàng)建 OpenGL 上下文和窗口，加上 GLEW(僅適用于 Windows)來設(shè)置 OpenGL 核心上下文函數(shù).我也成功使用 glfw，這對加載 OpenGL 3.2+ 很有用
I like to use SFML to create the OpenGL context and window, plus GLEW (only necessary for Windows) to set up the OpenGL core context functions. I've also had success with glfw, which is good for loading OpenGL 3.2+
這篇關(guān)于Intel HD 3000 上正確的 OpenGL 初始化是什么?的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網(wǎng)！